A hernia can happen to anyone, at any age. Sometimes hernias are symptom-free, only detectable with a physical exam or imaging. Other times there are warning signs: discomfort, pressure, pain or a visible bulge.

Specific types of hernias, like hiatal hernias, may also contribute to acid reflux symptoms.

“Hernias are a very common condition, particularly inguinal hernias in men,” says Karolin Ginting, MD, a surgeon with offices at LVPG General Surgery–Carbon and LVPG General Surgery–Tunnel Road, Pottsville.

“If you notice a new bulge, discomfort or pain that may be related to a hernia, I recommend you discuss it with your doctor,” says Dr. Ginting.

Many hernias are not emergencies, but only a doctor can determine the type of hernia, need for surgery and identify complications, she says.

Identifying a hernia

Hernias occur when tissue or an organ pushes through a weakness or opening in the abdominal wall or surrounding supportive tissue. There are several types of hernias, including:

• Inguinal (groin) hernias: This type of hernia is more common in men and occurs when there’s weakness in the muscle and tissue in the groin.

• Hiatal hernias: These develop when the stomach bulges upward through a wall of muscle into the chest.

• Umbilical hernias: Babies are sometimes born with hernias that form when the muscle around the belly button doesn’t join properly.

Risk factors

You may be at greater risk for inguinal hernias if you have these risks:

• Male

• Family history

• Chronic cough

• Smoke

• Perform heavy lifting or activities increasing abdominal pressure

• Previous hernia

You may be at greater risk for hiatal hernias if you are:

• Over the age of 50

• Overweight

• Pregnant

• Smoke

Anyone noticing a new lump or bulge in their abdomen or groin, or who experiences discomfort associated with one, should have their primary care clinician look at it. While not every hernia requires surgery right away, it’s important to have a doctor confirm the diagnosis, monitor the hernia for progression and determine whether observation or surgical repair is the right approach, says Dr. Ginting.

Surgery is the only definitive way to repair a hernia.

“Some patients with small, non-symptomatic hernias may be candidates for watchful waiting. Before deciding on timing for surgery, it is important to evaluate the patients first and discuss risks and benefits of surgery,” Dr. Ginting says.

Surgery prevents a serious condition known as strangulated hernia.

While rare, it has serious consequences as it causes the misplaced organ to lose blood supply and requires emergency surgery.

Dr. Ginting says you should seek immediate care if you have any of the following symptoms:

• Sudden or severe pain at the hernia site

• A bulge that becomes firm, tender or cannot be pushed back in

• Redness or discoloration over the hernia

• Nausea, vomiting, abdominal distention or inability to pass gas or stool

• Fever and/or palpitations associated with other worsening hernia symptoms

Join us for a free hernia information session and screening. You can register at LVHN.org/herniaevent.

Learn more about Dr. Ginting at LVHN.org/KEGinting